Damage to the cochlea often results into Sensorineural hearing loss. The causes of SNHL are varied, however, age and noise related hearing loss are amongst the major contributors. As a matter of fact, more than 70% of the tinnitus affected individuals are exposed to this problem due to noise exposure.
Elderly people get affected by age-related hearing loss commonly called as Presbycusis. Nutritional deficiency worsens the condition along with passing age. As this problem develops, one often encounters the problem of tinnitus.
Loud noise has the potential to cause damage to the hair cells present within the cochlea which sends electric signals to the brain. A single incident like a bomb blast or a series of loud noise exposure can invite this condition. As yet, there is no surgical or medical treatment for Sensorineural hearing loss which implies that the affected individual has to bear with the situation for the entire lifetime. Yes, the damage can be permanent in some cases.
A neurotransmitter commonly called as glutamate is used to pass signals to the brain. It’s produced by the hair cells, and with the damage of the hair cells, glutamine is produced in excess which enters the brain and the auditory nerve resulting into the death of the receptors. This whole process is named glutamate neurotoxicity. It’s also responsible for Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s, ALS, epilepsy and tinnitus.
Tinnitus is usually found at lower end of the frequency range. For instance, of the hearing range is 3000 to 6000 KHz, then tinnitus will be found in 3000 KHz range. The condition is similar to “Phantom Limb Syndrome” where an accident affected individual experiences pain in the limb area, despite the loss of limb. Over here, although a person cannot hear properly, they constantly experience ringing sound in their ears.
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